Roman Numeral Converter

Convert any number (1–3999) to Roman numerals, or convert a Roman numeral back to a standard decimal number.

Converter

Number (1 – 3999)

Roman Numeral

MMXXIV

Breakdown

1000

M(1000) + M(1000) + X(10) + X(10) + IV(4) = 2024

Roman Numeral Symbols

Symbol	Value
I	1
V	5
X	10
L	50
C	100
D	500
M	1,000

Reference Table (1–20)

Number	Roman	Number	Roman
1	I	11	XI
2	II	12	XII
3	III	13	XIII
4	IV	14	XIV
5	V	15	XV
6	VI	16	XVI
7	VII	17	XVII
8	VIII	18	XVIII
9	IX	19	XIX
10	X	20	XX

Convert between Arabic numbers and Roman numerals instantly with our free converter, useful for students, history enthusiasts, and anyone working with Roman numeral dates or notation.

How It Works

Roman numerals use combinations of letters (I, V, X, L, C, D, M) representing specific values (1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000). This calculator converts by breaking down the Arabic number into these values, or by parsing Roman numeral symbols back into their Arabic equivalent.

How to Use This Calculator

1) Choose Arabic-to-Roman or Roman-to-Arabic
2) Enter your number or numeral
3) Click Calculate to see the conversion

Frequently Asked Questions

What's the largest number Roman numerals can typically represent?

Standard Roman numeral notation typically handles up to 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX); larger numbers require special notation not commonly used today.

Why do some numbers use subtraction (like IV for 4)?

Subtractive notation (placing a smaller value before a larger one to subtract) became standard for numbers like 4 (IV) and 9 (IX) to shorten what would otherwise be repetitive symbols (IIII).

Are Roman numerals still used today?

Yes, commonly for clock faces, book chapter numbering, movie sequel titles, Super Bowl numbering, and formal document dating.

Is there a zero in Roman numerals?

Classical Roman numerals have no symbol for zero; the concept of zero as a numeral wasn't part of the original system.